Headset and Method for Operating a Headset

ABSTRACT

A gaming unit and producing a game-audio output of a varying volume level and a chat-voice output is connected to headphones adapted to be worn by a player of the unit and connected to the gaming unit for making the chat-voice output and the game-audio output audible to the player. A circuit or software associated with the headphones can increase the chat-voice volume level generally proportionately to the game-audio volume level.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is related to U.S. provisional application 61/189,311filed 18 Aug. 2008.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a headphone system. More particularlythis invention concerns a headset and operating system for use with agame played on a personal computer or dedicated console.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In multiplayer games that are played over a local area network or theinternet, as described in US 2005/0245317 game audio and voice arecombined with a pair of headphones during a multiplayer game. Moreparticularly a typical computer game console, such as the MicrosoftXbox™ or Sony PlayStation™, is equipped with a headset that fits overone ear and includes a boom microphone positioned near the player'smouth. The sound of the game is provided via a set of stereo ormultichannel audio outputs typically connected to a speaker system ortelevision speakers.

The headset is used for communication in multiplayer computer games sothat two or more players can compete against each other via a localnetwork or over the Internet. When players are not located in the sameroom, verbal interaction in real time is accomplished via the headsetwith microphone. Multiple players located at different places canparticipate in the same game by using this type of voice communicationsystem. When the players are in the same room, they may also want tointeract verbally with one another. However, if they are wearingheadphones that cover both ears, they may not be able to hear each otherover the sound of the game audio in the headphones. Consequently, asingle-ear headphone with microphone attachment is typically used sothat one ear is free to hear communication from other players.

One problem with this form of game play is that the player is limited tohearing the sound of the game with only one ear, since the other ear iscovered by the communications earpiece. Thus, for example, positionalsound cues are lost because the sound is reduced to a mono signal whenlistened to with only one ear. This dramatically impacts the overallexperience of the game, as compared to experiencing the game soundthrough a stereo headphone or surround-sound headphone.

A second problem with this form of game play is that the game soundemanating from the speakers is often picked up by the headsetmicrophone, feeding back to the other players who are interacting viavoice communication. This prevents the game sound from being turned uptoo loud, further inhibiting the sonic experience while playing thegame.

A third problem with this form of game play is that the game sound inthe headphones has a wide dynamic range. In other words, at times a lowvolume level can rapidly increase to a loud level when, for instance, anexplosion or other dynamic event occurs in the game. These loudnessdynamics may be sustained for long periods of time, for instance duringheated battle in an action game. A consequence of this wide dynamicrange is that if the voice communication signals are set for acomfortable volume level during normal game passages, they cannot beheard over the loud game sound when dynamic game passages occur.

A common solution to the problem of listening to game audio via speakersand communicating via a single-ear headset with microphone is tointegrate the microphone with a stereo or multichannel headphone so thatthe voices of other players can be heard along with the game sound usingthe same headphone. In this way, the game sound can be clearly heard,the voices of other players can be mixed into the game sound at a levelseparately adjusted from the game sound, and the microphone is isolatedfrom the game sound by virtue of the sound being contained within theheadphone ear cups and not emanating into the microphone's pickup area.

One problem with this integrated headphone solution is that the sound ofthe other player's voices is often unintelligible when the game soundsincrease in level, say when the sound of explosions or intense battlesoccurs. In current manifestations of these headphones, the so-called“chat” volume of other players must constantly be adjusted toaccommodate variations in game level, making it necessary for the playerto momentarily lose control of the game as the hand moves from the gamecontroller to adjust the chat volume level.

Another problem is that if the voices are sent in equal volume to theleft and right ear speakers in stereo headphones, the resulting soundwill seem to emanate from the center of the player's head. This makes itdifficult to discern the voices from the game sounds, since they are allmixed together on the same lateral plane.

Another problem is that the wired connection between the game controllerdevices and the headphones can cause an interference signal to enter theground connection on the headphones, which in the case of wirelessheadphones can inadvertently cause the wireless signal to eitherdiminish in intensity or disappear altogether due to the overwhelmingeffect of the digital noise interference entering from the connectionbetween the headphones and the game controller device.

Another problem is caused by the inability of the player to hear his ownvoice while wearing the headphones, which in turn causes him to speakmore loudly than normal in order to compensate for the lack of audiblefeedback

It is known to control the level of music in headphones or speakers inresponse to an external sound source. This is the subject of severalprior art patents because it is desirable in some circumstances to havethe intermittent use of a voice signal override the sound of music orother audio material.

For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,455,677, microphones are added to aheadphone assembly to detect and mix ambient sounds along with the musicbeing listened to with the headphones. The purpose is to allow users tocommunicate with each other while wearing headphones. The level of themusic is not altered by the ambient sound and the ambient sound is notmixed until it exceeds a preset threshold level.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,647,011 describes a headphone sound system that turnsoff the music to a pair of headphones whenever an external soundthreshold is exceeded, thereby allowing the listener to interrupt themusic whenever an ambient sound exceeds the threshold level. A housingwith a microphone and switching circuit connects between the CD playerand headphones so that the sound from the CD player is switched to thesound of the microphone whenever the audio threshold is exceeded. Whilethis invention allows someone to hear the voice by shutting off themusic, it adversely affects the gaming experience.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,881,123 relates to a voice override in an amplitudecontrol system for an audio entertainment system which suppresses themusic signal so that it may be overridden by a voice signal. This isintended to be utilized as part of a public-address system used for bothmusic and voice communications. Unlike other prior-art systems thatprovide means to allow the music signal to be abruptly overridden by thevoice signal, the voice override circuit in US '123 provides for agradual attenuation of the music to a predetermined level by the voicesignal and a subsequent gradual returning of the music to its normallevel upon termination of the voice signal.

U.S. Pat. No. 6,993,480 describes a method of improving theintelligibility of speech in environments where the ambient noise levelmasks or distorts the speaker's voice as it is heard by the listener.This technique does not simply increase the volume level of the voice tooverride the noise, but instead uses sophisticated signal processingtechniques to enhance the speech using transfer functions to alter thesound characteristics in ways that compensate for the ambient noise. Thetechnique modifies the voice gain in response to some property of thefiltered and processed signal. Although this technique is most likelyeffective in improving speech intelligibility in noisy environments, theimplementation is too expensive and complicated to implement in a simplegaming headphone apparatus. Although a simple form of speechintelligibility improvement is described as using an automatic gaincontrol block, the envelope control signal of this gain control block isderived from the speech signal, not from the music or game sound source.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide improvedvoice communication for a gaming headset.

Another object is the provide a method of controlling the sound level ofthe player voice or voices without adversely affecting the gamingexperience, as a serious gamer is not going to sacrifice the game toplayer-to-player communication.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A gaming unit according to the invention having a controller andproducing a game-audio output of a varying volume level and a chat-voiceoutput is connected to headphones adapted to be worn by a player of theunit and connected to the gaming unit and to the microphone for makingthe chat-voice output and the game-audio output audible to the player. Acircuit or software associated with the headphones can increase thechat-voice volume level generally proportionately to the game-audiovolume level.

Thus when the game gets loud, the chat voices will increase in volumeand remain audible. When the game returns to a lower volume, the chatvoices will follow and return to a preset level.

According to a further feature of the invention there is an envelopedetector for generating a control signal varying in proportion to thegame-audio volume level and a variable-gain stage receiving thechat-voice output and the control signal for increasing the chat-voiceoutput generally proportionately to the game-audio volume level. Thissimple circuit effectively carries out the invention.

According to the invention a microphone receives voice audio from theplayer of the game and produces a voice-audio output of predeterminednormally low volume level, and mixer for adding the voice-audio outputto the chat-voice output. Optocouplers decouple the voice-chat andmicrophone signals from the gaming unit to reduce noise. In addition athreshold detector is connected to the microphone for cutting off thechat-voice output when an output of the microphone is below a thresholdlevel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

The above and other objects, features, and advantages will become morereadily apparent from the following description, reference being made tothe accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical system according to theinvention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating dynamic chat control in accordance withthe invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates a system for isolating the headphones and gamecontroller;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a decoupling circuit according to theinvention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating the system for feeding theplayer's voice back to him/herself;

FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams of different microphone hookups accordingto the invention; and

FIG. 7 is another schematic showing how the microphone and chat signalsare mixed.

SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION

This invention improves the audibility of voice communication whilelistening to game audio over stereo or multichannel headphones duringmultiplayer gaming with a game console or personal computer. A typicalembodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 1, which shows thesignal flow of the voice chat and microphone signals between wirelessgaming headphones and a game controller.

It is important to note that the operation of this invention is notlimited in its application to a game console equipped with a gamecontroller. For instance, the invention operates in essentially the samemanner when applied to a personal computer used for playing games, aslong as the chat-voice and game-audio signals emanating from thepersonal computer are separated. For example, the game-audio signal maybe connected to the headphones from the personal computer sound cardoutput and the chat-voice signal may be supplied to the headphones via aso-called Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface that transfers audio inserial digital format to a digital-to-analog converter in the headset.In this example, the game-audio and chat-voice signals are separate anddistinct inside the headset, thereby enabling the invention to operatein the same manner as if the signals were emanating from a game consolewith a game controller. Therefore, the following description refers tothe game console application of the invention merely for the purpose ofsimplicity and illustration and not to limit the application of theinvention to game consoles.

The game controller 1A is connected to a game console or personalcomputer and is used as an input device for controlling the game. The“talkback” or “chat” signals from on-line players are routed through thegame controller 1L and connected to the headphones 1M via amulticonductor wire 1B which on one side is connected to the headphonesand on the other side is connected to the game controller via a plastic“puck” which houses a talkback volume control, microphone mute switchand optical coupling circuitry. A pair of optical circuits inside the“puck” are used for electrically decoupling the game controller from theheadphone, thereby eliminating interference inside the headphone causedby the digital noise inside the game controller.

Inside the headphones 1M, the chat signal from the game controller isrouted to a preamplifier designed to interface with the optical circuitinside the puck. The output of this preamp is routed to a gain controlcircuit 1C whose gain is controlled by the game audio level 1D such thatit amplifies the chat volume as the game audio level increases. In oneembodiment of the circuit, this amplified chat signal is summed with theunamplified chat signal so that the final chat signal 1E will be nolower in volume than the un-amplified signal, yet its volume willincrease as the game volume increases, thereby assuring that the chatcan always be heard over the louder game level. Other variations of thiscircuit may also be used to derive the same function, for example, again control circuit whose minimum level is be fixed and whose gainincreases in proportion to the game volume signal, or a digital signalprocessor which accomplishes the same function by manipulating thedigital representation of the same signals.

A positional audio circuit 1F uses head-related-transfer function (HRTF)processing to position the chat audio outside the stereo plane, so thatit seems to originate outside the head, thereby making the chat signalmore intelligible by separating it from the game audio signal 1G. SuchHRTF processing is commonly used to externalize stereo signals inheadphones to produce the aura of the sound originating to the front orrear of the listener's head. This may be accomplished by processing aportion of the left and right stereo signals with filters that simulatethe frequency response of the human ears, then delaying the filteredleft and right signals and sending a portion of each to the oppositeear. This HRTF processing technique can also be applied to a monophonicsignal, such as the chat audio, buy filtering and delaying themonophonic signal and sending it to the left and right channels withdifferent filtering and delay times, thereby producing the same“externalizing” effect that makes the chat signal seem as if it isoriginating outside the head

The microphone signal 1H is routed to a preamplifier designed to drivethe optocoupler inside the puck. The microphone signal is also routedback to the game controller 1A via one of the wires inside the talkbackcable 1B so that other players can hear the player speak. A mute switchinside the puck allows the microphone to be shut off when the playerdoes not want to be heard. The output of the microphone preamplifierinside the headphone is also routed to a microphone monitor volumecontrol and summed with the chat signal 1E so the user can hear himselfspeak inside the headphones. The volume control allows the user toadjust the level of his own voice heard inside the headphones. Themicrophone and chat signals are both processed by the HRTF processor soboth signals are separated from the game audio.

An RF receiver 11 receives the game audio signals from a transmitter ofthe game console or PC. The stereo output from this receiver is summedwith the mono output of the head-related transfer function (HRTF)processor and routed to the amplifiers 1J that drive the headphonespeakers, thereby allowing the user to hear the HRTF processed chat plusmicrophone signals, along with the stereo game audio. The RF connectionis herein described as an example of how the game audio signals may beconnected to the headphones. The connection may also be via a wire andhas no bearing on the functioning of the invention.

A shutdown switch inside the headphone jack 1K turns off the microphoneand chat signals inside the headphones if the talkback cable is notinserted into the headphones, thereby eliminating any ambient noisepicked up by the microphone and background noise introduced by the gamecontroller.

As shown in FIG. 2, as the game volume 2A increases, for example in loudbattle scenes, the voice audio 2B of the players trying to communicateremains at the same level and would normally be overwhelmed by the loudgame sounds, making the chat difficult to hear. Thus, according to theinvention the chat voices increase in volume in tandem with the level ofgame sound as shown at 2C, so that the amplitude of chat will be nolower than its normal level 2B when the game sound is low, and increasesto a louder level if the game volume increases 2A.

This dynamic chat amplification is accomplished by using an envelopedetector circuit 2D to generate a control signal 2E that varies inproportion with the amplitude of the game sound. This signal is thenused to control a variable gain stage 2F that amplifies the chat audiolevel and adds it to the unamplified chat signal 2G, thereby increasingthe chat level whenever the game level increases.

The present invention allows the game audio to stay at the normal level,thereby preserving the original dynamics, while the voice is increasedin tandem with the game volume, thereby allowing the voice to be heardover increases in volume levels of the music or game sound. When themusic or game volume returns to a normal level, the voice volume alsoadjusts down to its normal level, thereby moving in tandem with theincreases in volume of the music and game audio. The technique is simpleand straightforward, requiring no cumbersome and expensive filteringtechniques to achieve enhanced intelligibility.

The invention also serves to eliminate the interference resulting fromthe electrical connection between the game controller and wirelessheadphones used for listening to the game and chat audio signals. Asdescribed above, digital noise from the game controller can beintroduced into the headphones via the talkback cable wires, drasticallyaffecting the signal reception of the RF receiver in the headphones.This problem is dealt with as shown in FIG. 3 in that the voice and chatsignals from the game console 3A are connected to the wirelessheadphones 3B with a talkback cable 3C. One end of the talkback cable 3Cis connected to the headphones 3B by a small jack and the other end isconnected to the game controller through a small plastic device or puck3D that contains a mute switch for silencing the headphone microphoneand a volume control to adjust the chat level heard from other players.

The game controller 3A is typically connected via a multiwire cable 3Eto the game console using a so-called Universal Serial Bus (USB)connection. Since this connection uses a digital signal, and also sincethe game unit. 3A contains digital circuitry, the ground signal on thetalkback cable has a high level of digital noise, an erratic voltage ofhigh frequency that can cause interference in radio signals.

When the talkback cable is inserted into the wireless headphones, thedigital noise is transferred to the ground signal inside the headphonesand in turn is amplified by the headphone's RF circuit used forreceiving the game audio from the console unit. This amplification ofthe digital noise degrades the performance of the RF receiver circuitinside the headphones, adversely affecting the audio reception andcausing the game volume level to decrease or stop altogether.

According to the invention, the digital noise on the talkback cable iseliminated by providing an optical decoupling circuit in the gamecontroller connector 3D, thereby breaking the connection between theheadphones and game controller and preventing the digital noise fromentering the RF amplifier circuits inside the headphones.

Thus as shown in FIG. 4 the signals from the game controller areconnected to Xbox jack J1 that has a microphone input jack tip and chatsignal output jack ring. The headphones are connected via the talkbackcable 4A which has three conductors—ground, chat andmicrophone—connected to jack J2. Two optocouplers U1 and U2 decouple themicrophone and chat signals from the game controller by isolating thecurrents via a modulated LED which drives an optical transistor, bothinside each optocoupler. The optocouplers are operated in their linearregions so that signal distortion is minimized.

Since the headphone signals are not electrically connected to the gamecontroller signals, there is no path on which the digital noise may passto the headphones, thereby isolating them from the interference thatwould result from said digital noise being transferred to theheadphones.

The invention also provides means by which the player can hear himselfspeak inside the headphones so he does not inadvertently speak louder inorder to hear his own voice. This is accomplished by mixing in a portionof the amplified microphone signal along with the game and chat signalsinside the headphones, allowing the player to hear his voice along withthe sound of the game and the voices of other players, as illustrated inFIG. 5. Here, the microphone signal 5A is routed to a volume control 5Bwhich allows a portion of the microphone signal to be mixed with thechat and game signals via mixing stage 5C. This allows the user toadjust the level of his own voice as heard in the speakers 5D, therebyminimizing his tendency to speak louder due to the inability of hearinghis own voice.

One side effect of this microphone monitoring feature is that the soundof external ambient noise is picked up by the microphone and amplifiedby the speaker amplifiers. This ambient noise can become distractingwhen the headphones are not used for game play, for example, whenlistening to music, television or watching a movie with the headphones.Therefore, this invention disconnects the microphone and chat signalswhen the talkback cable is not inserted into the headphone jack.

One method to accomplish this is illustrated in FIG. 6A. Here, aswitched jack 6A disables the outputs from the microphone 6B and chatinput 6C when the cable is not inserted into the jack. This prevents themicrophone and chat signals from passing to the amplifier when they arenot being used, thereby eliminating ambient noise pickup from themicrophone as well as the background noise introduced by the gamecontroller via the talkback signal path.

Another method of disconnecting the microphone and chat signals isillustrated in FIG. 6B. Here, a pair of threshold detection circuits 6Dand 6E turn off the microphone and talkback signals whenever they arebelow a particular amplitude threshold. When the either signal is abovethe threshold, the output is turned on for that signal, therebyeliminating the noise from this signal path whenever the signal is toolow to be significant.

On stereo headphones, a sound emanating from only one speaker is heardonly on the side of that speaker, a sound with equal volume on bothspeakers is heard in the middle of the head, and a sound with unequalvolume on the left and right speakers is heard shifted to the side ofthe louder speaker, an effect also referred to as panning. Typically,the chat signal would be panned to the center by providing equal volumeto both speakers. However, because the game sounds are also panned inthe stereo spectrum between the left and right ears, it is moredifficult to hear the chat signal when it is heard in the center of thehead along with the game signal.

To make the chat signal more intelligible, it is desirable to have thesound emanate from a position outside of the head so that it is distinctand separate from the game sound. Therefore, in this invention, HRTFprocessing is applied to the chat signal so that it appears to emanatefrom either in front, behind, to the side or in any other positionoutside of the listener's head. This HRTF effect makes it significantlyeasier to understand the voices of other players by distinctlyseparating the chat signal from the game signal's left to rightposition.

This process is illustrated in FIG. 7 which shows the microphone andchat signals mixed together as a single mono signal 7A and processed byan HRTF or other form of positional audio circuit 7B which converts itinto a stereo signal which is mixed with the left and right game signal7C characteristics such that it moves the mono signal into a virtualposition outside of the listener's head when heard in the stereospeakers 7D.

It should be noted that although the description of the invention hereinis based upon discrete analog hardware, the functionality may also beobtained by implementing these processes in software residing in apersonal computer, game console or in a stand-alone processor such as aDigital Signal Processor (DSP) in the headphones or connected externallyto the headphones. Therefore, software implementations of the inventiondescribed herein are within the range of this invention.

1-8. (canceled)
 9. A headset, the headset comprising: a pair of speakersoperable to output sound according to one or more of a game signal, achat signal and a microphone monitor signal; a speaker volume controlleroperable to adjust an output level of the pair of speakers; a circuitoperable to combine the chat signal and the game signal; and amicrophone operable to receive an audible signal from a user, wherein:the microphone monitor signal represents the audible signal from theuser, and a level of the microphone monitor signal is operablycontrolled independently from the game signal and the chat signal. 10.The headset of claim 9, wherein the speaker volume controller comprisesan analog circuit.
 11. The headset of claim 9, wherein the speakervolume controller comprises a signal processor.
 12. The headset of claim9, wherein the speaker volume controller comprises a plastic puck. 13.The headset of claim 9, wherein the circuit is operable to mute the chatsignal.
 14. The headset of claim 9, wherein the level of the microphonemonitor signal is controlled by software via an interface in a gameconsole.
 15. The headset of claim 9, wherein when the user's voice isbelow a threshold, the microphone monitor signal is automatically muted.16. The headset of claim 9, wherein when the chat signal is below athreshold, the chat signal is automatically muted.
 17. The headset ofclaim 9, wherein the headset is operably coupled wirelessly to a gameconsole.
 18. The headset of claim 9, wherein the microphone isselectably muted.
 19. The headset of claim 9, wherein the headsetcomprises a circuit operable to spatially process the game signal toposition sound around a head of the user.
 20. The headset of claim 9,wherein the headset comprises a circuit operable to spatially processthe chat signal to position sound around a head of the user.
 21. Theheadset of claim 9, wherein the headset comprises a wireless receivercompatible with a Microsoft Xbox™ console.
 22. The headset of claim 9,wherein the game signal is from a Microsoft Xbox™ console.
 23. Theheadset of claim 9, wherein the chat signal is from a personal computingdevice.
 24. A method for operating a headset, the method comprising:receiving, via a receiver, a game signal and a chat signal; receiving,via a microphone, an audible signal from a user; generating, via amicrophone, a microphone monitor signal according to the audible signalfrom the user; outputting sound, via a pair of speakers, according toone or more of the game signal, the chat signal and the microphonemonitor signal; adjusting an output level of the pair of speakers via aspeaker volume controller; combing the chat signal and the game signal;and adjusting a level of the microphone monitor signal independentlyfrom the game signal and the chat signal.
 25. The method of claim 24,wherein the speaker volume controller comprises an analog circuit. 26.The method of claim 24, wherein the speaker volume controller comprisesa signal processor.
 27. The method of claim 24, wherein the speakervolume controller comprises a plastic puck.
 28. The method of claim 24,wherein the method comprises selectably muting the chat signal.
 29. Themethod of claim 24, wherein the method comprises adjusting the level ofthe microphone monitor signal via a software interface of a gameconsole.
 30. The method of claim 24, wherein the method comprisesautomatically muting the microphone monitor signal when the user's voiceis below a threshold.
 31. The method of claim 24, wherein the methodcomprises automatically muting the chat signal when the chat signal isbelow a threshold.
 32. The method of claim 24, wherein the receiver is awireless receiver.
 33. The method of claim 24, wherein the methodcomprises selectably muting the microphone.
 34. The method of claim 24,wherein the method comprises spatially processing the game signal toposition sound around a head of the user.
 35. The method of claim 24,wherein the method comprises spatially processing the chat signal toposition sound around a head of the user.
 36. The method of claim 24,wherein the wireless receiver is compatible with a Microsoft Xbox™console.
 37. The method of claim 24, wherein the game signal is from aMicrosoft Xbox™ console.
 38. The method of claim 24, wherein the chatsignal is from a personal computing device.